jays potato chips factory locations
Still, debt-saddled Jays has continued losing ground to snack-food behemoth Frito-Lay. exclaimed,You cant stop eating em,. It was more of a crackle and there was barely any flavoring!! I found it interesting in your article about the recipes on each bag. Buy 2 for 9.99 Subscribe & Save. Start shopping online now with Instacart to get your favorite products on-demand. . In 1950, the Berlin plant was sold to Williams sister and her husband, Edith and Clair Barb Sterner. Is is possible to share it with me? Depending on your sources and the enthusiasm of the storyteller, Japp supposedly spent time as a boilermaker, a bridge builder, a bouncer, a cemetery plot salesman, and a steeplejacka guy who spends his days scaling clock towers and church spires, Batman-style, doing repair work. How Two Digi-Key Engineers Reimagined Electronic Component Shipping. I was excited to find these in my local Walmart. Many tours went through there, a lot of time it was Scout troops and schools. Best wishes. Oct 31, 2012 - Long a Chicago favorite. Not sure if the taste will be the same, some say they still taste the same. Potato chips are America's biggest-selling salty snack, and they were thrust into the news last month when the Jays potato chip factory in Chicago closed. Help a new couple find the perfect home in your real estate app. It is etched in my mind as an awesome memory. My Uncle, George Gavora, was Leonard Japps first partner. Remembered as a kind boss, he was said to have known everyone in his South Side factory by name, with employees remaining by his side for more than thirty years. Jays: Undefeated and Still Champion of Chicagoland Market. I feel fortunate to have known Leonard Japp Sr. Today the company produces 250,000 pounds of chips a week as one. He is renowned for taking on Proctor & Gamble and succeeding with the Jay's Brand. Jays you just cant stop eating them , I grew up in Chicago and ate jays chips and still enjoy them . Especially the Sourdough Nibblers. There are several brands of potato chips. Contactless delivery and your first delivery or pickup order is free! Rick who has the Honey Bee tins: I saw someone on facebook wanted to purchase one for his moms 90th birthday as she worked there in the 1940s. Where did you purchase this product? Myrtle Young, known as "the Potato Chip Lady," appeared on The Tonight Show with Johnny Carson in 1987. "We know it's going to stay open, but we don't whether that's permanent or not," said Joe Poulus, a spokesman for Jays. The area is one of the world's largest untapped resources of the critical minerals. In 1927, after a series of odd jobs, including prizefighter and cemetery plot salesman, Minnesotan Leonard Japp turned to snack food. Jays Potato Chips Factory Local Business in Chicago, Illinois 3.4 Community See All 284 people like this 289 people follow this 32 check-ins About See All 99th and Cottage Grove (1,597.47 mi) Chicago, IL, IL 60628 Get Directions (651) 336-2651 Contact Jays Potato Chips Factory on Messenger jays-potato-chips.shoppingdir.org Local Business document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Your email address will not be published. Daria. Locations 1540 W 44th St Chicago, Illinois 60609, US Get directions . An alarm sounded just before it went off the tracks. Iq Learning System Pvt Ltd. Buy Now. Made By: Jays Foods, Inc., 825 E. 99th Street, Chicago, IL [Pullman] For over 75 years, Chicagoans have voraciously chomped away on handfuls of Jays Potato Chipssharing in the communal assumption that some guy named Jay must have invented the salty snack for them back in the proverbial day. Probe: Train Crew Had Little Warning Before Ohio Wreck. Healthy Snacks On The Run Potato Chips (773) 434-5386 5307 S Hermitage Ave Chicago, IL 60609 3. Commits $2 Billion in Drones, Ammunition, Aid to Ukraine. Jays makes the following flavors: Original (flat and Ridged) Hot Stuff. I have been living in AZ. IEN Unboxed is a new show in which our editors unbox new tools on the market and discuss their features. Realistically, for adults and older kids the whole tour probably won't take much more than 15-20 minutes. Snyder's - Lance is the company formed from the merger of Lance, Inc and Snyder's of Hanover in July 2010. By 1938, hed formed a new partnership with a salesman from Kraft Foods, George Johnson, creating the Special Foods Co. Purely a distributor, the firm sold a wide assortment of edibles (including Rival brand dog food). But something changed. The old Krunchers had a ton of flavor and CRUNCH was definitely a CRUNCH!! Thanks so very much! Jays is a classic Chicago food brand, the sort of product Mayor Richard Daley stakes in friendly wagers to rival city mayors when Chicago sports teams compete in championship games. Jays Foods was founded in 1927 in Chicago, Illinois, and is currently a subsidiary of Snyder's of Hanover. Add to Favorites 1986 Limited Edition Jays Potato Chips Tin, 16 Oz Container, Collectible Tin, Can't stop Eating 'Em, Jays Foods Inc, They're Toasted, Retro Ad vertisement by . Oil, Salt. Coconut Cream Powder. Tank Plant in Small Ohio City Plays Big Role in Ukraine War. Opponents say the government illegally approved it in a rush to produce raw materials for electric vehicle batteries. I grew up eating them and their shoestrings. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. Jays Foods filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy on October 11, 2007, the second time in four years,[5][6] and permanently closed its Chicago manufacturing plant on December 5, 2007. We would always somehow find Jays potato chips. Especially when we went back to Illinois to visit relatives. Jays potato chips dont have the flavor they had when I was unger the barbecue way beter then now your hands were red when you ate them and they had a great teast not worth buying anymore. The Bechtel Pretzel Company, founded in 1947 by Bill and Helen Bechtel, was purchased and incorporated into Snyders Bakery. The company is aiming to double its 2006 sales of $500 million within five years, according to September report in Food Institute Report. Before WWII they were called "Japs Potato Chips" They had a name change after Dec. 7, 1941. The Honey Bee factory was somewhere on the south side around 21st and Damen Ave. Thats all I know about it. My uncle George changed his business to Honey Bee potato chips and soon went out of business. They were so delicious in the 60s can somebody please answer that question for me, I have wondered that for years. Mr. Japp knew me by first name. 3.4 (30 Reviews) Photos See all photos Connect with Jays Potato Chips Factory on Facebook Log In or Create new account In 2020, Google Maps was used by over 1 billion people every month. The factory. Thank you. George and I knew about the speaks, Leonard told the Tribune, so we decided to buy an old broken down truck for five dollars down to sell pretzels, nuts, cigarettes, what they needed for sandwiches. Both, my mother and my mother-in-law had one. potato chips and O-Ke-Doke popcorn, will a keep a warehouse and distribution center at the same South Side location open for an unspecified period if the sale is approved, the company said in a statement Monday. Brands of Snyder's - Lance include Snyder's of Hanover (pretzels), Lance (Sandwich crackers), Cape Cod (Kettle cooked potato chips), Pretzel Crisps (Pretzel crackers), Krunchers! My mom and aunt worked there sometime in the forties. Follow . Privacy Settings Etsy uses cookies and similar technologies to give you a better experience, enabling things like: basic site functions ensuring secure, safe transactions secure account login Are Potato Chips & Crisps Companies Committing Murder? From there, his adventures routinely drift into tall-tale territory, complete with an over-abundance of celebrity cameos. A Jays facility in Jeffersonville, Ind., is also expected to remain open. But this lighthearted tale of snack foods and legacy has a rather stunningly sad ending. sure what happened to the can but they used it in various ways, a container for more chips, a canister for sugar and flour. One might presume that selling sewing supplies in the early 1900s was a cinch. Potato chip aficionados might mourn the factory's closing, but don't expect consumers to get riled up like they did when the production of Frango mints was moved from Chicago after an ownership change at Marshall Field's, said Bruce Kraig, a Chicago culinary historian. At the same time, Jays reached an agreement to sell its assets for $24.8 million to Snyder's. Fortunately, Leonard Jappthe personwas considerably more interesting than his nomenclature skills. Closed and for sale. I got a brown grocery bag and got newly popped O-Ke-Doke Cheese Popcorn everyday for lunch. Krunchers! A new plant in Berlin, PA was built to handle growing demand. Several recent reports suggested that the economy was stronger and inflation more persistent than previous data had indicated. See reviews, photos, directions, phone numbers and more for Jays Potato Chips Distributor locations in Detroit, MI. From truck to bag, it takes a potato just 12 minutes to go the route. Chicago-based Jays, which filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy on Oct. 11, will ask a bankruptcy court Tuesday to approve its sale to pretzel maker Snyder's of Hanover, which was identified in court papers as Jays Acquisition Inc. As it filed for bankruptcy last month, the 80-year-old company said it had hammered out a tentative deal to sell its assets to Hanover, Penn.-based Snyder's for $24.8 million. Under bankruptcy regulations, other companies could submit rival bids for Jays, which also owns the O-Ke-Doke and Krunchers brands. Funny thing is, I love Snyders products. It was like being Chicago royalty. The vehicle, which doesn't have a steering wheel or pedals, ran a mile-long route. What to Know Before Towing with an Electric Pickup. Jay's Foods was acquired by Snyder's of Hanover in December 2007. All rights reserved.. Espaol: Gua de recursos COVID-19 en el sur de Chicago, Chicago Youth Organize Townhall for Mayoral Candidates, Op-Ed: Chuy Garca Isnt Running as a Progressive This Mayoral Bid, Chicago Rapper 8MatikLogan Gives Himself A Second Chance, IRS Approves Federal Nonprofit Status for South Side Weekly NFP, Mayoral Debate was a Poor Night for Chicago, Proudly powered by Newspack by Automattic. I wish that I could by them in every state After the split, both companies exploded, growing faster than industry averages. The following spring, tragically, Leonard Japp III died of a heart attack at just 40, improbably leaving the company foundernow 96as the last living Leonard Japp. [8] Snyder's-Lance will continue to operate Jays Chicago warehouse and distribution center and its Jeffersonville, Indiana manufacturing facility. Im not sure, but I thought she had gotten them at a Jays factory near where she lived. Now owned by Snyder Lance, a Pennsylvania-based company, the brand maintains a presence in the midwest. A bankruptcy court is expected to approve the sale to Snyder's Tuesday. Twinkie comes to mind. Subscribe to receive discount coupons, news and more. Potatoes sourced by Frito-Lay are of a specific variety with exactly the right shape, size, extra thin peel, and starchiness. Kathy Whelan Daly The first meal I ever cooked was a potato chip casserole, made with chips, cream of mushroom soup, tuna and peas. The story of how Japp went from street peddler to factory owner includes none other than Al Capone, who encouraged Japp to open factories and mass-produce his snacks for Capones speakeasies. But the deadline came and went late last week without any financially qualified bids, Jays representatives said. Find out for yourself, and discover your own favorite flavors. I would pass by their factory near I-94 south. I, Jack M. Williams, his son, also worked for Jays in Kalamazoo MI and South Holland IL. [Jays employee Jack C. Williams, circa 1960s]. The variation in cost is mainly due to peeling capacity per hour and due to various functions, the more peeling capacity the more it will cost. The future of the Chicago distribution facility seems more tenuous. As advertising and promotion manager for Central Grocers (known to many as Centrella Foods) I had set a meeting with Leonard at our office in Franklin Park, IL. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. We would go to my great grandmas house every Sunday for dinner and I remember to this day when we would be on the expressway and I could smell when we would get near the jays potato chip factory. Our employees pulled together and completed a massive cleanup and the building was rebuilt and expanded regularly. Growing up in Hobart, we always had Jays Potato chips around the house. The Jays Foods potato chip factory once stood in the Rosemoor neighborhood on 99th Street, but it extended its reach as far as the expressway with its strong smell of delicious grease. Jim Arends. They are constantly developing new flavors to insure their potato chips and snack products continue to maintain their place at the top of potato chip manufacturing. Please share a picture of the can of potato chips from the 50s. Was there a Jays factory in the area? Alot of the potatoes were brought to the plant by semi trucks. Jays Foods manufactures, markets and distributes its products in the seven state area of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa, Minnesota and Missouri. What a wonderful small world. Thank you for keeping the memories of the original Jays. Kathy Whelan Daly, 2020, The story about mr. Japp picking up coal along the railroad tracks to keep the family house warm and the other odd jobs is very representative of his Generations ability and willingness to busted huh to get whatever they need and not just expect things nor want a trophy for breathing like todays generation could you even imagine chip or anybody coming out with a company that even inferred or inadvertently hurt somebodys touchy feelings oh my god there be lawyers coming out of the sky and parachutes great company great product great man Samuel C., 2019, I worked on the Jays Potato Chips ad account for over 10 years and visited the plant/office on 99th street frequently. Theyre just too cool. I told him about my wife and our 2 children and that one was on the way. In truth, though, poor Leonard managed to time things up even worse than that. Japps) would have to be abandoned, and a new name would be needed lickety split. Why did you stop making them? Jays (18) Kettle Chips (91) Krunchers (11) Lance (46) Late July (9) O-Ke-Doke (3) Pop Secret (3) Pretzel Crisps (28) Quitos (4) Snyder's of Hanover (74) Tom's (41) More brands . Please include all numbers, letters, dates and symbols. Is an american manufacturer of snack products including potato . As to whether the chips taste the samenostalgia seems to be a formula consistently difficult to replicate. The tour is self-guided, so you can spend as much or as little time as you like strolling through the factory. Wayne Miller. "The public knows that where this Case is found, the well-known High Grade 'Boye' Needles, Shuttles and Bobbins can be secured." -Boye Needle Co. advertisement, 1909. Jays Potato Chips Factory Locations / Discontinued Potato Chips From The 80s / Nothing beats the timeless taste of jays original potato chips.. [1] After the Wall Street Crash of 1929, Japp found a new business partner and began selling the chips under the brand name "Mrs. Japps Potato Chips". When you follow the recipe you get crisps. The slogan on the tinA Better Chip for the Better Tradewas at least a step up from Jays other primary tagline: Cant Stop Eatin Em (another lazy ripoff of the Lays brand and its Bet You Cant Eat Just One). We wrote our bids out on a piece of paper and agreed the higher one would win, Japp said in 1985. The Jeffersonville facility "will continue to operate," Jays said in a press release. Jays Food, Inc. seemed in good hands for the 21st century. (219) 462-0579 Get Directions 318 N 400th E Valparaiso, IN 46383 JAYS POTATO CHIP locations 3.7 Chicago, IL Show all locations JAYS POTATO CHIP Search Sign in to Indeed with Google Continue with Google By continuing to sign in through Google, you agree to Indeed's Terms, Cookie, and Privacy Policies. When they went broke, everyone went broke with them.. Former Jays Potato Chips factory at 99th & Cottage Grove. In September 2013 Snyders of Hanoverintroduced two new Certified Gluten-Free Pretzel Sticks Flavors: Hot Buffalo Wing and Honey, Mustard & Onion. Simply life and hard working people. Since 1927, Jays products have been a Chicago hometown favorite. It's all in Google Maps: browse nearby restaurants, find one you like, check out the dining environment, and even make reservations. The story on the internet did not describe how they broke up. When we turned over the bids, George had bid $145,000.. Find a jays potato chips near you today. From our humble beginnings to our position today as the leader of the pretzel industry and a major player in the snack food industry, we celebrate the efforts and innovations of our predecessors and their families and eagerly anticipate many more years of pretzel pride as we continue to be Americas favorite pretzel. Yes, I remember Jays potato chips very will growing up in the Chicago suburbs of Brookfield, Elmhurst, Downers Grove, and finally Naperville Illinois. south side of Chicago & we have a Jays chips can at our home in Pennsylvania that my mother used to store chocolate chips at the Christmas season. Im originally from Chicagos Grand Crossing neighborhood and I used to ride my bike in the 60s and early 70s straight up Cottage Grove to Jays for a regular bag. In 1927, Leonard Japp and his buddy George Gavora started their first food business, largely designed to cater to Chicagos growing speakeasy underground and its rogues gallery of gangsters and flappers, all in need of smokes and something to nosh on. Uncle Merith would always bring Jays chips to family events at my mothers home in Beecher, Ill. After a solid start, Japp almost lost everything in the stock market crash and Depression, but he fortuitously won it all back on a lucky racehorse. The wonderful world is all around you, waiting for you to discover. The former Jays potato chip factory at 99th and Cottage Grove is for sale. Also, our facilities expanded including the development of the new Goodyear, Arizona plant and the Snyders headquarters completion. In 1944, Leonard Japp and George Johnson were still doing fairly well, but surveying the landscape, they decided there wasnt enough room in Special Foods for the two of them. to develop an advertising plan on Jays Potato Chips. Its a little sad that many people could have achieved no less success. On Saturday, December 2, 1989, our flagship Hanover pretzel bakery burned to the ground when an overhead heater malfunctioned and fire started in the warehouse area. We also have a strong international business with sales on every continent except Antarctica. His dream of a company with his own name on it (or I suppose his wife Eugenias name, since he called it Mrs. But I have to settle for visiting the Midwest an bringing some back with me, I was born and raised in Dolton Illinois from 1960 to 1972. He was also apparently a lifeguard alongside future Tarzan screen star Johnny Weismuller, and a sparring partner of both heavyweight contender Buddy Baer and a young entertainer named Bob Hope. I cant just throw these away. I agree that the 1960s Jays were better tasting than the ones that followed in later decades. It took a couple of weeks, but we started putting tags on plain bags with the Jays name on it., And that, folks, is the origin story of the beloved Jays brand. Quality Snack Foods Inc Potato Chips 9 YEARS IN BUSINESS (773) 924-5700 4040 S Normal Ave Chicago, IL 60609 2. 10. Pretty soon, they started asking for potato chips. Then, like so many other businesses born in the late 20s bubble, the stock market crash put them back at square one. Even though the factory has left the South Side, the name lives on through oral histories of the good vibes and good smells when passing bynot to mention through Snyders online ordering site. It was established in Chicago, Illinois, in 1927 and is presently associated with Snyder's of Hanover. The Japp family bought it back in 1994. I have a recipe for Potato Chip Cookies that is dated 1971calling for a 25 cent bag of Jays Potato Chips. Potato Chips Original; Reduced Fat; Cheddar & Sour Cream; Krunchers! I BELIEVE I HAD A YELLOW JAYS POTATO CHIP CAN THAT WAS THE SAME SIZE AND SHAPE AS THE WHITE ONE BUT I DONT SEE AND SIGN OF YOU EVER MAKING ONE . . Judy Moisan Bokhart, Your email address will not be published. Contactless delivery and your first delivery or pickup order is free! Country: United States. Id heard that my grandfather, Harry G. Moisan, was a part owner of Jays potato chips at one point early on. Since 1927, Jays products have been a Chicago favorite. This isnt the case. Jays was available. Find 2 listings related to Jays Potato Chips Distributor in Detroit on YP.com. Anything that had to do with Jays. Jays potato chips are a staple of Chicagoland since the 1920s. Later on, President Kennedy invited Mr. Japp to lead a seminar in the Soviet Union on his ready-to-eat potato chips. Your email address will not be published. Reviews from JAYS POTATO CHIP employees about JAYS POTATO CHIP culture, salaries, benefits, work-life balance, management . As we talked about renaming the brand from Mrs. Japps ( used prior to the war with Japan) to Jays he indicated other names had been considered. Browse categories; Home; Shop; Brands; Holi; Blog; Special Offers; Need help? Did you used to make onion and garlic potato chips and sell them in a single serve bag?i think you did and they were the best. And it's not just happening in border states like. He launched the Mrs. jays potato chips factory locations. 1950 I would love to frame the recipe. They were a little overdone, slightly browned and so delicious! While the plant isn't Jays' original factory, Jays has been making chips there for at least 40 years. I couldnt wait to get to the car to open them! Perhaps their recipe or methods changed? Over time, though, with potato chips again emerging as their best cash cow, Japp and Johnson decided theyd had enough of buying their goods from other manufacturers, and bought themselves an $18,000 automatic potato chip making machine. Pretty soon, they started asking for potato chips. Jay's Foods was acquired by Snyder's of Hanover in December 2007. Manufacturers, suppliers and others provide what you see here, and we have not verified it. Eleven years later, Williams son, William Billy L. Snyder, sold the Hanover plant to Hanover Canning, headed by Alan R. Warehime. I worked hard. It comes in stainless steel thus . Not Other brands include O-KE-DOKE popcorn, Krunchers! The texture of the chips are also slightly different. All the flavors 190 Oreo flavors 28 Takis flavors 64 Ruffles flavors 177 Doritos flavors 58 M&M's flavors 279 Lay's flavors 126 Cheetos flavors In keeping with the the TV dinner trend of the age, Mrs. Japp herself included her dinner recipes, which naturally included potato chips as an ingredient, on the back of every bag. I was probably the meanest kid in town, as well as the poorest. This is a wonderful story of the Jays Potato Chip company. Despite a rocky ride full of ups and downs, Japp saw great success with his Chicago business, which provided the craved snack throughout the Midwest. [Former Jays Foods factory at 825 E. 99th Street. The website offers an online store. Jays Foods, Inc., is an American manufacturer of snack products including potato chips, popcorn and pretzels. 2023 2022 South Side Weekly. It contained one of the companys early cans of Mrs. Japps Potato Chips which he indicated had been in his garage for years holding old paint brushes ! Fortunately, no one was injured. Her name was Janice Japp. Choose from contactless same day delivery, drive up and more. Japps Potato Chips. I now live in Oak Ridge, Tennessee and miss my Jays potato chips. Retaining the appearance of the companys logo was a definite plus! Call us +44 203500 8600. info@desicart.co.uk. The brand name survives under the ownership of Snyders of Hanover, and remains easy to find in any local grocery. Now sold to a company that plans to shut them down. The old ingredients were: Selected Potatoes, Corn I hopped in the front seat and popped that bag open only to be disappointed!! He died there. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. Good memories. The trucks were chained down on the unloading ramp and the whole ramp lift up to unload the truck. And Jays commands a solid 21 percent share in the Chicago metro area, according to Information Resources Inc., a market researcher. And Jays was one of them. Come taste and smell Maxwell Street, Comiskey Park, Wrigley Field or The Chicago Stadium. Even for a perfectionist, though, ambition had its limits. An agricultural economist projected a loss of over $1 billion for chicken and turkey farmers. It burned my bangs, eyebrows, eyelashes and there was a distinct smell of burning hair in the air, but no real harm was done. I cut lawns, shaved necks in barber shops, and picked coals off railroad tracks so my family would have enough to eat and enough heat to warm our house. And because Google Maps reroutes based on real-time traffic, drivers can complete trips faster and get more rides in. Opened in 2013 About Jay's Chicago Maybe you're from Chicago and miss a real Vienna Beef Hotdog. Im 70 years old and have lived in Wausaukee, Peshtigo, and Marinette Wisconsin. All rights reserved. Of course they are gone now. There was an inevitable Al Capone connection, too, of course. With a golden physique, crunchy crackle, and the slogan You cant stop eating em, the potato chips of snack manufacturer Jays Foods have been deliciously appealing to the Midwest since 1927. There's a reason why these chips are real classics, but don't just take our word for it. My mother worked at 40th Princeton when it was Japp potato chips, I worked for Jays in 1965 for 2 years at 99th Cottage Grove ,$1.30 hr paycheck Friday with 2 bags of 25 cent chips. The new Jays needs to go find the old recipe for the OLD Krunchers potato chips!! But after Jays' first trip into bankruptcy, it was sold again in March 2004 to Ubiquity Brands, a portfolio company of Chicago private-equity firm Willis Stein & Partners. It would be supported by the 400 independent grocers we supplied in Chicago and the surrounding suburbs. His family businesss prosperity was indicative of the need for an on-the-go snack that had not yet been introduced to the market before the late 1920s. Contact a location near you for products or services. Loved those Jays Potato Chips. Perhaps you visited Chicago and crave the best hotdogs on the planet. A few years ago, according to Information Resources, Snyder's overtook Frito-Lay's Rolled Gold brand as the nation's No. Snyder's Lance Inc. Continue with Recommended Cookies, How to Turn a Potato Chips Bag into a Serving Bowl. For over 75 years, Chicagoans have voraciously chomped away on handfuls of Jays Potato Chipssharing in the communal assumption that some guy named Jay must have invented the salty snack for them back in the proverbial day. I made my husband our first (what I considered a gourmet dinner in 1970I was 20 years old back then) with a Jays back of the box recipe chicken chip breasts. I tried calling Jays years ago but no one was helpful and couldnt care less about trying to research a bit. Corn chips Spicy Four Cheese; Guacamole; Jalapeo, O-Ke-Doke Chicago Mix Popcorn (Cheese and Caramel Corn), This page was last edited on 23 December 2021, at 06:30. Originally called Japp's, the brand changed its name during World War II.